To estimate, calculate, or indicate in advance is the definition of what term?

The term that best aligns with the definition of estimating, calculating, or indicating in advance is "forecasting." This concept is often used in various fields such as finance, economics, and business to project future trends based on historical data or statistical models. Forecasting involves analyzing past and present data to make informed predictions about future outcomes, which is essential for decision-making processes in various industries.

Discounting is associated with determining the present value of future cash flows, often used in finance to assess the value of investments; it does not directly pertain to estimating future occurrences. Probabilities relate to the likelihood of an event happening, but they do not necessarily involve the act of predicting or estimating outcomes over time in the same manner as forecasting. Descriptive statistics summarize and describe characteristics of a data set, but they do not project or estimate future values. Therefore, forecasting is the most appropriate term that encompasses the idea of making predictions about future events.